Trans athletes make great gains, yet resentment still flares

I was aware that a girl and another girl are both girls, thanks. The question is why would that be considered fair, when that already encompasses a wide range of physiology and performance? Saying essentially, "because they're both girls" doesn't really add much.
Not as much a range as a male vis a vis a female.

I mean... why would I just take your word for that? What are you basing that on?
I guess you never played any sort of competitive sport in your life.

There's a limited amount of data out there, but what there is tends to show consistent deterioration in athletic performance. This systematic review published in 2017 (https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40279-016-0621-y), for example, concluded that "there is no direct or consistent research suggesting transgender female individuals (or male individuals) have an athletic advantage at any stage of their transition (e.g. cross-sex hormones, gender-confirming surgery)."
... and neither did they.