If the refs aren’t overwhelmingly biased against the Saints, please explain this:

Just a random fan here...
but aren't half the teams going to trend above average for penalties and half below?

Is there a graph showing the top 5 most penalized?
If the Saints are always one of the top 5 consistently over that many years, it would be more compelling evidence.

But also, it could just be a coaching mindset as well to play more aggressively or to coach into the grey area more than another coach.
To really determine that you would need to analyze a lot of plays of when holding should have been called and wasn't to see if some teams are getting called more and also getting away with more non-holding calls.

Interesting graph, but I think more data needs to be shown.
Actually, no, over a multi year period, all teams should regress to the mean. Only week to week, should there be big swings, and only season to season would your comment be in the ballpark. The graphs you see pre-2018 are what the graphs should look like for ALL teams over a long period of time. The last season and a half cannot be explained away.