Francis Scott Key Bridge collapse in Baltimore...

I don't think dropping the anchors would have stopped it. Just too much momentum for then to get a grip in the mud, From the video they are showing on the news this morning the ship looked out of control and likely the current was pushing it into the support peer.
It is standard operating procedure to have crew standing by anchors when leaving/coming to port for this very reason. If the crew didn't let go anchors, they are looking at jail time.