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Ok, so whether you say "intellectually disabled" or "r***rd" indicates someone's intellectual state just the same? Or do words have meaning?
The difference here is the usage of the "r-word", which became an insult in common parlance. Slave, on the other hand, has always denoted the same thing.
For the record, if I must allude to someone's condition, I use the condition itself, if I know the specific condition. I don't use terms like "mentally challenged", "physically challenged", or "has differences".